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Voluntary Voting Systems Guidelines

4.2.2 Software Integrity

Self-modifying, dynamically loaded, or interpreted code is prohibited, except under the security provisions outlined in section 6.4.e. This prohibition is to ensure that the software tested and approved during the qualification process remains unchanged and retains its integrity. External modification of code during execution shall be prohibited. Where the development environment (programming language and development tools) includes the following features, the software shall provide controls to prevent accidental or deliberate attempts to replace executable code:

• Unbounded arrays or strings (includes buffers used to move data);

• Pointer variables; and

• Dynamic memory allocation and management.

6.4.1 Software and Firmware Installation

The system shall meet the following requirements for installation of software, including hardware with embedded firmware:
...
e. After initiation of election day testing, no source code or compilers or assemblers shall be resident or accessible.

Nobody, and no machine, should be counting American votes in secret.